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Research Article
Bottleneck Determination Technology and Application of Wavelength Division System for Signal Transmission in Digital Health Business
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 6, December 2025
Pages:
108-112
Received:
30 September 2025
Accepted:
22 October 2025
Published:
22 November 2025
Abstract: In the current digital health service technology architecture, a dedicated network operates on wavelength division systems built with OTN (Optical Transport Network) and related technologies. However, OTN-based wavelength division optical networks inherently suffer from limitations, as they can only perform hardware monitoring of service signals and detect deviations from standard optical power levels.Facing the construction and development trend of digital health transmission system，to address the current lack of system-level bottleneck detection capabilities in wavelength division systems, we introduce intelligent features such as characteristic data analysis and model-based evaluation, enabling dynamic perception of system bottlenecks. Starting from mathematical models that correlate optical capacity with carrier number capacity, we developed a bottleneck detection method for wavelength division systems. This approach requires only the collection of one type of system parameter and utilizes software tools for carrier beam data analysis to monitor system bottlenecks, perform diagnostics, and locate fault segments. During practical implementation, this method remains compatible with traditional wavelength division troubleshooting techniques, a technical trial run was conducted on the city's digital health business dedicated networkachieving Supports remote medical consultation and diagnostic testing services for municipal districts and five county-level regions, cost-effective and accurate identification of bottleneck points while significantly enhancing the security of digital health information transmission.
Abstract: In the current digital health service technology architecture, a dedicated network operates on wavelength division systems built with OTN (Optical Transport Network) and related technologies. However, OTN-based wavelength division optical networks inherently suffer from limitations, as they can only perform hardware monitoring of service signals an...
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Research Article
Prevalence of Aflatoxins in Wheat and Maize Grain Plant-Pest-Pathways at Three Zimbabwean Ports of Entries
Nhamo Mudada*
,
Kudakwashe Primrose Nyaruwata,
Louisa Makumbe,
Dumisani Kutwyayo,
Brian Kudakwashe Shumba,
Nyaradzo Nyatanga,
Mutsa Chatyoka,
Charity Kunaka,
Nyamande Mapope,
Wonder Ngezimana
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 6, December 2025
Pages:
113-120
Received:
12 September 2025
Accepted:
30 September 2025
Published:
8 December 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.sd.20251306.12
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Abstract: The presence of aflatoxin producing fungi in food imports necessitates rigorous screening. A total of 42 maize and wheat pest pathways found contaminated with aflatoxins-causing- fungi; (Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus) during 2023-2024 phytosanitary inspections at three Zimbabwe ports of entries were subjected to aflatoxin screening at the Fertilizers, Farm Feeds and Remedies Institute (FFRI) using semi-quantitative Best Food Method (BFD) by means of Thin Layer Chromatograph (TLC) to detect aflatoxins contamination. Standard reference mixes containing aflatoxins concentration of 0.5 μg/kg each for B1 and B2, and 0.25 μg/kg each for G1 and G2 were checks. Controls with known concentration of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 were visibly seen under Ultra Violet (UV) light read at 365 nm and differences of spots intensity for B1 and B2 aflatoxins concentration of 12 μg/kg, 24 μg/kg and 36 μg/kg and G1 and G2 aflatoxins concentration 6 μg/kg, 12 μg/kg and 18 μg/kg were noted. However, despite the presence of aflatoxin causing fungi in the 42 samples tested, aflatoxins were not detected by the TLC which has a detection limit of <1ppb. Spearman’s rho correlation matrix showed perfectly (ρ = 1.000, p < 0.01) or near-perfectly correlation (ρ ≥ 0.999, p < 0.001) on the four aflatoxin groups (B1, B2, G1, G2). Perfect correlations were revealed between aflatoxins B1 and B2 and between aflatoxins G1 and G2 whilst extremely strong correlations were revealed between aflatoxins B1 and G1; B1 and G2; B2 and G1 and B2 and G2. The test was highly significant (p<0.001) suggesting strong indication of no association between the four aflatoxin categories. >2; B2 and G1 and B2 and G2. The test was highly significant (p<0.001) suggesting strong indication of no association between the four aflatoxin categories. Chi-Square goodness of fit test revealed statistically significant deviations from the expected frequencies (χ² (4) = 154.083, p < 0.001) suggesting that observed distributions of the aflatoxin were not caused by random variation. Due to the risks of mycotoxin co-occurrences in cereals, the research recommends expanding the testing beyond aflatoxins to include fumonisins caused by Fusarium species and other mycotoxins associated with Penicillum sp and Macrophomina phaseolin as these pests were also isolated from the cross border cereal grain-pest-pathways entering Zimbabwe. This research was limited by non-testing of the isolated fungi on their potential to cause aflatoxins contamination.
Abstract: The presence of aflatoxin producing fungi in food imports necessitates rigorous screening. A total of 42 maize and wheat pest pathways found contaminated with aflatoxins-causing- fungi; (Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus) during 2023-2024 phytosanitary inspections at three Zimbabwe ports of entries were subjected to aflatoxin screening at the F...
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Research Article
Analysis of the Implementation Status and Influencing Factors of Centralized Volume-Based Drug Procurement Policy from the Perspective of Physicians
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 6, December 2025
Pages:
121-124
Received:
3 November 2025
Accepted:
17 November 2025
Published:
10 December 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.sd.20251306.13
Downloads:
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Abstract: Objective: To investigate the current status and influencing factors of physicians' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding the implementation of the centralized volume-based drug procurement (CVBP) policy in Leshan. Methods: A structured questionnaire based on the KAP theoretical framework was developed. An online cross-sectional survey was conducted using snowball sampling method. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to identify the influencing factors. Results: A total of 251 valid questionnaires were collected. Physicians who had received CVBP training (60.96%) and those with junior professional titles (28.69%) had significantly higher KAP scores (P<0.01). Awareness was highest for “priority use of CVBP drugs and agreed procurement volume” (88.45%) and lowest for the “retained surplus incentive mechanism” (54.98%). While 79.28% of physicians acknowledged the policy’s role in reducing patient financial burden, only 39.04% expressed confidence in the efficacy of CVBP drugs. Although 88.05% reported preferentially prescribing CVBP drugs, only 68.13% proactively counseled patients about them. Multivariate analysis revealed that higher knowledge scores positively influenced both attitudes and prescribing practices (all OR<1, P<0.01), Conversely, concerns about “low price–low quality”, senior professional titles, and higher academic degrees negatively influenced attitudes (all OR>1, P<0.05). Conclusion: The overall KAP level of physicians regarding CVBP policy remains suboptimal. Knowledge is a key driver of favorable attitudes and behaviors. Targeted dissemination of policy information and real-world evidence is recommended to enhance policy effectiveness.
Abstract: Objective: To investigate the current status and influencing factors of physicians' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding the implementation of the centralized volume-based drug procurement (CVBP) policy in Leshan. Methods: A structured questionnaire based on the KAP theoretical framework was developed. An online cross-sectional surve...
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Research Article
Preparation of Novel Co/ZIF-8 Nanocomposites and Evaluation of Their Anticancer Cell Performance in Vitro
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 6, December 2025
Pages:
125-130
Received:
30 September 2025
Accepted:
6 November 2025
Published:
10 December 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.sd.20251306.14
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Views:
Abstract: To address the inherent limitations of single-mode cancer therapy—such as low efficacy, high susceptibility to drug resistance, and the inability to completely eliminate residual tumor cells—this study innovatively adopted an ion-doping strategy to successfully fabricate Co2+-doped ZIF-8 small nanocrystal carriers under mild room temperature conditions, avoiding harsh reaction environments that may impair material performance. Endowed with a unique porous structure and large specific surface area, the as-prepared carrier exhibited excellent drug-loading performance, achieving a maximum loading capacity of 84.4% for the widely used chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin (DOX). Thus, a synergistic nanotherapeutic system (CFD) integrating chemodynamic therapy and chemotherapy was rationally constructed to leverage the complementary advantages of both modalities. In vitro cell experimental results demonstrated that after 24 hours of incubation, the chemo/chemodynamic synergistic nanosystem exerted a lethality rate of up to 87.1% against HeLa cervical cancer cells, which was significantly superior to that of either monotherapy (single chemotherapy or chemodynamic therapy alone). This finding fully confirms that the CFD nanotherapeutic system possesses potent in vitro anticancer activity, as it can synergistically leverage the merits of both treatment modalities to enhance therapeutic efficacy and effectively overcome the limitations of single-mode therapy. Collectively, this work provides a reliable experimental foundation and promising application prospects for subsequent in-depth in vivo tumor therapy research and potential clinical translation.
Abstract: To address the inherent limitations of single-mode cancer therapy—such as low efficacy, high susceptibility to drug resistance, and the inability to completely eliminate residual tumor cells—this study innovatively adopted an ion-doping strategy to successfully fabricate Co2+-doped ZIF-8 small nanocrystal carriers under mild room temperature condit...
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Research Article
Overview of Experimental Research on Embedded Implicatures
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 6, December 2025
Pages:
131-138
Received:
1 December 2025
Accepted:
11 December 2025
Published:
24 December 2025
Abstract: In recent years, with the interdisciplinary integration of cognitive science and linguistics, experimental pragmatics has emerged as a burgeoning interdisciplinary field. In the course of its development, embedded implicature has become a newly added research topic attracting considerable attention. Generally, embedded implicatures concern the conversational implicatures of complex sentences. Specifically, an embedded implicature is a seeming conversational implicature that is engendered locally at the sub-sentential level, typically occurring in a clause that is embedded under a logical operator such as a propositional attitude verb, a conditional and a comparative. The paper provides a critical overview of experimental research on embedded implicatures. It starts with the experimental background, figuring out that embedded implicature is a cutting-edge topic of experimental pragmatics in the narrow sense. It then attempts to explore the theoretical grounds and experimental methods, ranging from three approaches to ten paradigms. Next, we make an analysis of the experimental contents, covering experiments on three approaches, developmental pragmatics, scale diversity and large language model prediction. Finally, we outline the future development of experimental research on embedded implicatures from four key dimensions: foregrounding, refinement, systematization, and integration.
Abstract: In recent years, with the interdisciplinary integration of cognitive science and linguistics, experimental pragmatics has emerged as a burgeoning interdisciplinary field. In the course of its development, embedded implicature has become a newly added research topic attracting considerable attention. Generally, embedded implicatures concern the conv...
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Research Article
A Case of Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (sCJD) with Lightning-like Progression
Zhengchang Jia*,
Jinfeng Geng
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 6, December 2025
Pages:
139-142
Received:
29 October 2025
Accepted:
5 December 2025
Published:
24 December 2025
Abstract: Background: RT-QuIC (Real-Time QuIC) is a clinical diagnostic method that detects trace proteins in samples through protein amplification. According to the international CJD diagnostic criteria, RT-QuIC provides diagnostic evidence that is second only to that of pathology. Presently, this approach remains underutilized in China. Case Report: A 76-year-old female patient was admitted to the hospital for a period of two weeks, characterized by a general slowing of her cognitive responses. A physical examination revealed elevated levels of cognitive impairment, as indicated by a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score of 12 and a Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score of 8. An electroencephalogram (EEG) revealed moderate abnormalities, characterized by intermittent high-amplitude delta waves (frequency 3–3.5 Hz) across multiple leads and short-range rhythmic discharges in several leads. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan revealed the presence of ribbon-like changes in the parietal and temporal cortical regions on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequences. CSF testing for 14-3-3 protein yielded a negative result, while RT-QuIC testing produced a positive result. Treatment: The primary management strategy encompassed the provision of supportive care and the management of symptoms. The clinical outcome is as follows: The treatment response was unsatisfactory, with a rapid disease progression over a 52-day period. The patient exhibited a progressive deterioration in visuospatial function, accompanied by the emergence of myoclonus, tremor, urinary and fecal incontinence, and motor mutism. Conclusion: RT-QuIC testing has the potential to enhance diagnostic specificity and sensitivity in patients suspected of having Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD).
Abstract: Background: RT-QuIC (Real-Time QuIC) is a clinical diagnostic method that detects trace proteins in samples through protein amplification. According to the international CJD diagnostic criteria, RT-QuIC provides diagnostic evidence that is second only to that of pathology. Presently, this approach remains underutilized in China. Case Report: A 76-y...
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Research Article
Licochalcone D Alleviates Psoriasiform Skin Inflammation by Inhibiting Kv1.3 Channels
Haiqing Long,
Qiu Xiang,
Zhuxuan Lan,
Luxiang Bai,
Shijin Yin*
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 6, December 2025
Pages:
143-148
Received:
5 November 2025
Accepted:
9 December 2025
Published:
24 December 2025
Abstract: Objective: To investigate the blocking effect of licochalcone D on the voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 and its potential therapeutic efficacy in psoriasiform skin inflammation, thereby providing experimental evidence for its use as an immunomodulatory candidate drug. Methods: The inhibitory effects of licochalcone D on exogenous and endogenous Kv1.3 currents were recorded by whole-cell patch-clamp. Ca2+ influx in Jurkat T cells was monitored with Fura-2 AM imaging. A ConA-induced T-cell activation model was established to quantify IL-2 secretion. An imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like mouse model was then established for in-vivo pharmacodynamic evaluation of licochalcone D. Results: Licochalcone D concentration-dependently inhibited Kv1.3 currents, with IC50 values of 28.77 ± 3.40 nM in HEK293T cells and 497.72 ± 87.30 nM in Jurkat T cells. Ca2+ imaging revealed that it suppressed Ca2+ influx in T cells. Animal studies demonstrated that licochalcone D markedly improved psoriasiform lesions (erythema, scaling, thickening), reduced PASI scores and itching, alleviated epidermal hyperplasia and inflammatory infiltration, and down-regulated IL-6, IL-17, and IL-23 expression. Conclusion: Licochalcone D exerts immunomodulatory effects by blocking Kv1.3 channels, thereby alleviating psoriasiform skin inflammatory responses. This provides an experimental foundation and theoretical support for its potential as a targeted immunotherapy drug.
Abstract: Objective: To investigate the blocking effect of licochalcone D on the voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 and its potential therapeutic efficacy in psoriasiform skin inflammation, thereby providing experimental evidence for its use as an immunomodulatory candidate drug. Methods: The inhibitory effects of licochalcone D on exogenous and endogenou...
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Research Article
Lithium-ion Battery State of Charge (SOC) Estimation Based on HHO-LSTM
Cao Mingxing*,
Gao Guozhang
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 6, December 2025
Pages:
149-158
Received:
28 October 2025
Accepted:
11 December 2025
Published:
24 December 2025
Abstract: State of Charge (SOC) estimation is one of the core contents of the Battery Management System (BMS), and it is crucial for evaluating the safety of using lithium-ion batteries as the power source for ships. Based on the existing problems in SOC estimation methods, this paper proposes a method for SOC estimation that uses the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network as the core algorithm, optimizes parameters through the Harris Hawk Optimization Algorithm (HHO), and builds a co-simulation model. Firstly, using four batteries, B0005, B0006, B0007, and B0018, from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) as the basic data, the random forest algorithm and Pearson correlation coefficient analysis are used to identify the linear and nonlinear correlations with the target variable respectively, eliminate redundant or irrelevant variables, and screen out features with high correlation with SOC to improve estimation accuracy. Then, the obtained features are input into the LSTM neural network model, and the Harris optimization algorithm is used to optimize the model parameter combination. Finally, digital simulation experiments are conducted. The results show that the HHO-LSTM prediction model improves the estimation accuracy of SOC. This method provides a new idea for SOC estimation and has certain effectiveness and feasibility.
Abstract: State of Charge (SOC) estimation is one of the core contents of the Battery Management System (BMS), and it is crucial for evaluating the safety of using lithium-ion batteries as the power source for ships. Based on the existing problems in SOC estimation methods, this paper proposes a method for SOC estimation that uses the Long Short-Term Memory ...
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Research Article
Preparation and Antimicrobial Function Research of a Defensin Polypeptides SPDef1 from Scorpiops_pococki in Tibet
Zhuxuan Lan,
Lirong Zhang,
Chen Wei,
Qin Xiangya,
Haiqing Long,
Shijin Yin*
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 6, December 2025
Pages:
159-165
Received:
4 November 2025
Accepted:
9 December 2025
Published:
24 December 2025
Abstract: Objective: This study was designed to produce the defensin peptide SPDef1 (Scorpiops pocoki defensin 1) via the air oxidation method, evaluate its antibacterial activity, and preliminarily investigate its antibacterial mechanism. Methods: SPDef1-O was obtained through the air oxidation method. Molecular weight and structural characterization of the prepared peptides using Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS) and circular dichroism spectroscopy. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of SPDef4 was determined using the broth dilution method. The antibacterial mechanism was preliminarily explored using DMAO/PI dual staining in conjunction with confocal microscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Results: SPDef1-O prepared via the air oxidation method exhibits significant antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus strain AB94004, MIC as low as 0.25 μM, also exhibits moderate antibacterial activity against the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 (MIC = 4 μM). DMAO/PI dual staining and TEM revealed that SPDef1-O disrupts cell membrane integrity to exert its antibacterial effect. Discussion: The defensin SPDef1 emerges as a novel member of scorpion-derived antimicrobial peptides with notable antibacterial activity. Future investigations should expand its antibacterial spectrum assessment and explore its potential as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent.
Abstract: Objective: This study was designed to produce the defensin peptide SPDef1 (Scorpiops pocoki defensin 1) via the air oxidation method, evaluate its antibacterial activity, and preliminarily investigate its antibacterial mechanism. Methods: SPDef1-O was obtained through the air oxidation method. Molecular weight and structural characterization of the...
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