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Research Article
Thoughts on the Design and Development of Artificial Intelligence for Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Decision Making in Community Hospitals
Xiaoqing Zhang*
Issue:
Volume 14, Issue 2, April 2026
Pages:
18-23
Received:
26 February 2026
Accepted:
26 March 2026
Published:
13 April 2026
Abstract: The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology has opened up a new path for the development of community traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) diagnosis and treatment. By introducing intelligent auxiliary decision-making systems, the clinical diagnosis and treatment capabilities of grassroots TCM practitioners can be effectively enhanced, making up for their relatively insufficient experience. However, at present, the application of this technology in the TCM field still faces many challenges. Its algorithm models and knowledge systems need to be deeply integrated with the theoretical characteristics of TCM, such as the holistic view and syndrome differentiation and treatment, as well as the flexible and adaptable clinical practice requirements. It is necessary to actively explore feasible integration solutions in the real clinical decision-making process. This article systematically analyzes the current development status of community TCM clinics and the specific application of AI technology in areas such as auxiliary diagnosis and prescription recommendation. It focuses on sorting out the practical problems existing in core links such as the standardization and unification of TCM terms, modeling of syndrome differentiation and treatment processes, screening and compatibility of prescriptions, and dosage and contraindications of drugs. On this basis, it deeply explores how to design and develop a relatively complete and human-machine collaborative intelligent auxiliary decision-making system, and proposes optimization paths from multiple dimensions such as strengthening humanistic care, adhering to medical ethics, and ensuring data security. Finally, it provides systematic solutions for promotion from three aspects: strengthening cross-disciplinary scientific research, promoting the popularization of technology and knowledge education, and improving industry standards and policy guidance, with the aim of providing practical theoretical basis and practical reference for the in-depth empowerment of grassroots TCM services by AI.
Abstract: The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology has opened up a new path for the development of community traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) diagnosis and treatment. By introducing intelligent auxiliary decision-making systems, the clinical diagnosis and treatment capabilities of grassroots TCM practitioners can be effectively enha...
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Review Article
The Butterfly Code: A Mechanistic Review of Thyroid Antibodies
Chaimaa Zeroual*,
Safaa Mourabit,
Mina Moudatir,
Khadija Echchilali,
Leila Barakat,
Hassan Elkabli
Issue:
Volume 14, Issue 2, April 2026
Pages:
24-34
Received:
11 April 2026
Accepted:
21 April 2026
Published:
30 April 2026
DOI:
10.11648/j.sd.20261402.12
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Abstract: Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs) are common disorders marked by the presence of thyroid autoantibodies. This review summarizes their immunological roles, clinical relevance, and diagnostic value based on studies published up to January 2026. The main antibodies—anti-TPO, anti-Tg, and TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb) —serve different functions. TRAb play a direct pathogenic role, especially in Graves’ disease, while anti-TPO and anti-Tg are primarily markers associated with autoimmune thyroid destruction, such as in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Clinically, TRAb are important for diagnosis and monitoring of Graves’ disease, whereas anti-TPO and anti-Tg help identify autoimmune origin and assess the risk of hypothyroidism. However, their diagnostic accuracy is limited by their presence in some healthy individuals. Overall, thyroid autoantibodies remain essential tools in clinical practice, though careful interpretation is necessary. Future approaches combining immunology with computational methods may improve disease prediction and management.
Abstract: Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs) are common disorders marked by the presence of thyroid autoantibodies. This review summarizes their immunological roles, clinical relevance, and diagnostic value based on studies published up to January 2026. The main antibodies—anti-TPO, anti-Tg, and TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb) —serve different functions. TRA...
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Research Article
Pore Structure Characteristics and Main Controlling Factors of Lacustrine Hybrid Shale of China: A Case Study of the Fengcheng Formation in the Mahu Sag
Yuanhao Zhang,
Zhenxue Jiang*
Issue:
Volume 14, Issue 2, April 2026
Pages:
35-43
Received:
7 March 2026
Accepted:
16 April 2026
Published:
30 April 2026
DOI:
10.11648/j.sd.20261402.13
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Abstract: In recent years, significant breakthroughs have been achieved in the exploration of lacustrine shale oil in China, with mixed sedimentary shale oil in saline–alkaline lakes demonstrating substantial resource potential. This study focuses on the shale of the Fengcheng Formation in the Mahu Sag, Junggar Basin. By integrating field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), low-temperature nitrogen adsorption (LTNA), mercury intrusion capillary pressure (MICP), and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), the pore structure and fractal characteristics of the shale were systematically characterized both qualitatively and quantitatively. The results indicate that inorganic pores dominate in lacustrine shale, including interparticle pores, intraparticle pores, intercrystalline pores, and microfractures, with pores in the II-micropore range (10–100 nm) contributing most significantly. The fractal dimension Dmax (2.9204) exceeds Dmin (2.2572), suggesting that the structural complexity of the pore system is greater than its surface roughness. Quartz exerts a dual influence on pore development, while higher calcite content is conducive to pore formation. In contrast, the cementation effect of dolomite may limit its positive contribution to porosity. Additionally, the relatively well-developed fractures in alkaline lacustrine shale facilitate the formation of complex fracture network systems, which are of critical importance for shale oil enrichment and reservoir stimulation.
Abstract: In recent years, significant breakthroughs have been achieved in the exploration of lacustrine shale oil in China, with mixed sedimentary shale oil in saline–alkaline lakes demonstrating substantial resource potential. This study focuses on the shale of the Fengcheng Formation in the Mahu Sag, Junggar Basin. By integrating field-emission scanning e...
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Research Article
Pore Connectivity of Low-resistivity Shales in the Changning Area and Its Influence on Resistivity
Issue:
Volume 14, Issue 2, April 2026
Pages:
44-53
Received:
19 March 2026
Accepted:
17 April 2026
Published:
30 April 2026
DOI:
10.11648/j.sd.20261402.14
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Abstract: To clarify the differences in pore connectivity in different directions within low-resistivity shale reservoirs, identify factors influencing the connectivity of low-resistivity shale reservoirs, and further discuss the impact of connectivity on rock resistivity, the marine organic-rich low-resistivity shale of the Longmaxi Formation in the Changning area of the Sichuan Basin was selected as the research object. Experiments such as X-ray diffraction mineral composition analysis and spontaneous imbibition were conducted to investigate the differences in pore connectivity of low-resistivity shale. The results indicate that the overall pore connectivity of low-resistivity shale is poor, with better connectivity parallel to the bedding direction than perpendicular to it. Different mineral contents have varying controlling effects on inorganic pore connectivity, with clay minerals playing a significant role in controlling spontaneous imbibition. Organic matter content and maturity have different effects on organic pore connectivity. Higher organic matter content corresponds to better connectivity of organic pores. When maturity is below 3.0%, higher maturity favors improved connectivity, while beyond this threshold, it adversely affects connectivity. Both inorganic and organic pore connectivity exhibit a strong negative correlation with shale resistivity, suggesting that formation water in shale pores can form effective conductive pathways. Formation water content plays a crucial role in controlling resistivity, which is of great significance for further research on the causes of low resistivity in this region.
Abstract: To clarify the differences in pore connectivity in different directions within low-resistivity shale reservoirs, identify factors influencing the connectivity of low-resistivity shale reservoirs, and further discuss the impact of connectivity on rock resistivity, the marine organic-rich low-resistivity shale of the Longmaxi Formation in the Changni...
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